Laughter In Austen Essays - Pride And Prejudice, Mr. Darcy

Chuckling In Austen It is a fact generally recognized, that a solitary man possessing a favorable luck must be in need of a spouse. What we read is the exact inverse; a single lady must be in need of a man with a favorable luck. In this first line of Jane Austen's Pride and Prejudice we are without a moment's delay acquainted with language rich with parody. The comic inclinations showed in the novel's dialect present a topic imperative to the novel?the character's chuckling and their perspectives towards chuckling as a record to their ethical quality and social way of thinking. Starting with Darcy's assessment, communicated right off the bat in the novel, that Miss Bennetsmiled to an extreme, perspectives towards giggling partition the characters. Most clearly Darcy, all grave respectability, is against Elizabeth, who has alively, lively aura, which got a kick out of anything strange. We will in general consider Elizabeth's position the normative?more firmly adjusted with present day hypotheses of silliness. She snickers at pietism, vanity, demand, the hole among proclamation and activity, and among hypothesis and practice. On the other hand, Darcy takes a moderate demeanor toward giggling. His unsocial aura and reluctance to be the butt of gaiety are plainly portrayed. He tells those collected in the Netherfield drawing room that it has been the investigation of his life to maintain a strategic distance from those shortcomings which frequently uncover a solid comprehension to mock. But the lacks of this view, sufficiently obvious in Darcy's own attitude, are uncovered in the satires of it which show up in the novel. Wherever in Pride and Prejudice, affected gravity is chuckled out of presence. In the preposterously formal expressions of a Mary Bennet or a Mr. Collins (neither of whom is ever known to giggle), Austen exhibits that a complete need of amusingness has impacts the converse of what a circumstance requests. One case of this is in Mr. Collins' farce of the reckless child in his letter ofconsolation to Mr. Bennet on updates on Lydia's elopement: Let me prompt you...to comfort yourself however much as could be expected, to lose your dishonorable kid from your love always, and leave her to procure the products of her own grievous offense. Yet another model is Mary's predictable reaction to the equivalent occasion: we should stem the tide of malevolence, and fill the injured chests of one another, the ointment of genuine comfort. The diversion of these characters lies in their ignorance of the cases of suddenness in specific circumstances. They can create, rather, repetition and institutional reactions. Actually, Mr. Collins admits to Mr. Bennet that he orchestrates previously such minimal exquisite praises as might be adjusted to customary events. Elizabeth's disposition is altogether different. In an early discussion, she and Miss Bingley structure a transitory partnership to make jokes about Darcy. Elizabeth wants to Bother him?laugh at him, and to Miss Bingley's shy and self important refusal cries: Mr. Darcy isn't to be chuckled at! That is a remarkable bit of leeway, and extraordinary I trust it will proceed, for it would such an incredible misfortune to me to have such huge numbers of such a colleague. I beyond a reasonable doubt love to chuckle. Elizabeth is a safeguard of talk as a methods for demonstrating the value of an individual or thought. Furthermore, when Darcy later shields himself by calling attention to that the smartest and best of men, nay, the most shrewd and best of their activities, might be rendered silly by an individual whose first article in life is a joke. Elizabeth answers, Absolutely there are such individuals, yet I trust I am not one of them. I trust I never criticize what is savvy or acceptable. Imprudences and jabber, impulses and irregularities do occupy me, I own, and I giggle at them at whatever point I can. When Darcy to some degree pontifically recognizes pride and vanity, Elizabeth dismissed to conceal a smile... Yet another focuses in the novel, Elizabeth's perspective on humor does not win as giggling becomes, on events, everything the grave Darcy recommends it to be. Mr. Bennet, for instance, utilizes his mind as an affirmation of prevalence required by his feeling of thrashing: For what do we live, yet to make sport for our neighbors, and giggle at them in our turn? No less incendiary is Lydia's giggling, anyway unique her noisy nonsense is from her father's cool parody. Lydia's giggling is unreasonable and senseless, and past this, her exaggerations (Aye, Lord,), her syntactic disappointments (Kitty and me were to go through the day there), and her consistent heedlessness to the propriety expected of the event (as when she interferes with Mr. Collins in his

Health Promotion Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words - 1

Wellbeing Promotion - Essay Example It has been utilized for the duration of an opportunity to expand mindfulness among the network to decide their own needs and react them appropriately. Network activation gives a more extensive stage to the medical problems, where people comprehension can be improved with respect to social insurance strategies and administrations that the network can achieve through help use. In any case, obstructions to administrations ought to be resolved, concerning the need to the network to build its use. Network assembly has built up a linkage among networks and human services foundations by spreading mindfulness and expanding the entrance, and balance in the social insurance part. Formicola and Cordero (2013) in his investigation clarifies network activation as a procedure of improvement process in which individual or gathering engage in exercises, designs through so as to achieve wellbeing, it can either be accomplished through people help or self inspiration (Formicola and Cordero 2013). In the contemporary occasions, network limit working in wellbeing advancement is seen as a superior way to deal with tackle general medical issues. Over the most recent two decades, Australia medicinal services establishments and government have centered to actualize network preparation for wellbeing advancement to address general medical problems. The usage of network based projects has brought about positive wellbeing results because of which the advancement of wellbeing advancement through network programs are picking up consideration of a few medicinal services experts. In any case, there are as yet various general wellbeing challenges that stay unsolved which must be satisfactorily tended to. Here the conversation is made in regards to the achievement accomplished by various network based projects that have improved medical problems in Australia and New Zealand. Moreover, the paper will likewise decide the potential quality of Australia to address general medical issues. Network

What is your Name - UGA Undergraduate Admissions

What is your Name - UGA Undergraduate Admissions What is your Name? I opened up a teacher recommendation letter this morning, and it stated that John was a great student, a wonderful person, and an all around great applicant. Unfortunately, this letter will never make it into Johns file, as his teacher did not tell us Johns last name, his birth date, or even the school that he attends. So for now, the letter goes into our holding file, which contains all the materials that did not match any applicants. Now that we are close to finishing up matching materials for our applicants, here is a suggestion for future applicants; Make sure your counselor, your school and any teachers you ask to write letters for you know your full name, and then use it in their letters/forms/transcripts! I am amazed at the number of teacher recommendations that come in with names such as Trey Smith, and we then have to hunt down all the Smiths from that school to see who it matches. We even get transcripts with nicknames, even though these are official documents from the school! So make sure that your school officials know to use your correct name, and get the materials into our office in plenty of time to match it up. Oh, and just as important, make sure that when we ask for your first and last name, you put them in the correct order. We have probably had over 400 applicants switch these two fields, and it makes it tough to match things up as well! Go Dawgs!

Legalization is Not a Realistic Alternative to the War on...

Legalization is Not a Realistic Alternative to the War on Drugs For years, the issue of legalization has been an increasingly controversial subject. Millions of dollars are spent annually in the War on Drugs causing many to wonder if this fight is cost-effective or if an alternative such as legalization would be more realistic than current efforts in drug prevention. Opponents state that with legalization would come an increase not only in availability, but also with everything associated with that availability. This includes suffering of users and their loved ones, death of users and innocent alike, increases in health-care costs, cost to employers, drug-related crimes, and increases in various other social, economic, and emotional†¦show more content†¦The American experience with drugs at the end of the 19th century demonstrated the serious problems that can be caused by the general use of a wide range of legally available drugs. These problems were judged unacceptable by Americans of that day. Prohibition was the result of nonpartisan public outcry over the negative effects of unrestricted drug use. (Trebach 41-44) The most important question in regards to legalization is how it would affect use and abuse in this country. Advocates of legalization such as Steven Duke and Albert Gross argue that those who do not use under prohibition will not use under legalization. Duke is a law professor at Yale University, and Gross is a lawyer from San Diego, California. They are greatly respected advocates for legalization, their greatest fame stemming from their co-authored book, Americas Longest War. The key argument made by advocates Duke and Gross is that the major reasons why people desist from smoking and drinking - health, social stigma, morality, aesthetics - are also applicable to the drugs currently labeled illegal (120). Whether Americans choose to avoid recreational drugs in the first place or to quit using or abusing them is linked to the quality of their lives and their perceived prospects for a rewarding life without drug use or abuse. As Duke states, illegal-drug use has been reducedShow MoreRelated Drugs Essay1467 Words   |  6 Pagestypical politicians are afraid to address is that of what to do with the nation’s illegal drug problems. Although we hear terms like quot;The War on Drugsquot; and quot;Drug Treatmentquot;, a fresh approach to this issue is needs to come soon. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;The country should take a new look at drug legalization as a solution to a problem that has been long out of control. Addiction and drug abuse are such â€Å"buzzwords† these days that a clarification is needed of what is meant byRead MoreThe War on Drugs: a Losing Battle?1626 Words   |  7 Pageswhen American soldiers came home from the Vietnam war addicted to heroin, President Richard Nixon initiated the War on Drugs. More than a decade later, President Ronald Reagan launches the South Florida Drug Task force, headed by then Vice-President George Bush, in response to the city of Miami’s demand for help. In 1981, Miami was the financial and import central for cocaine and Marijuana. Thanks to the task force, drug arrests went up by 27%, and drug seizures went up by 50%. With that, the need forRead MoreYoung Advocates International Advocate Basic Human Rights in Nigeria1538 Words   |  6 PagesInternational is a domestic human rights organiza tion based in Nigeria. It seeks to promote the basic tenets of the universal declaration of human rights (UDHR) through advocacy. Introduction The international drug control effort began fifty years ago with the aim of eradicating the abuse of certain drugs by controlling their supply. A complex international system of enforcement grew on this belief in supply control. Five decades on, the empirical data is available and overwhelming; the system has failedRead MoreEssay on The Legalization Drugs2187 Words   |  9 PagesThe Legalization Drugs The dawn of the twenty first century has ushered in a new age of optimism and wonder. Despite the proclamations of television, all is not in well in our part of the world. Our societies have succumbed to the modern holy war on drugs. Being fought against our own citizens and citizens abroad, an international effort to eradicate drug production and use has undoubtedly failed leaving in its wake social unrest and political chaos. Assault, property crime, racial and economicRead MoreEducation is the Best Weapon in the War on Drugs Essay1871 Words   |  8 PagesEducation is the Best Weapon in the War on Drugs It seems that in the ongoing debate over whether to legalize drugs in the United States, quite a few people feel that legalization would diminish the crime rate. Their argument points out that the permissible use of marijuana would eliminate the necessity for people to go into hard drug territories to purchase such a drug and maybe even deter them from trying narcotics like crack-cocaineRead MoreLegalizing Marijuana2983 Words   |  12 Pagesof marijuana has been a big topic for the past few years. The United States considers marijuana as a drug, in some other countries they say it is a natural herb that is grown from the ground. The issue at hand is â€Å"should marijuana be legalized?† the congress of the US stay in a constant debate on this subject. Why is the subject of marijuana such in high demand, if the US already considers it a drug? There are many facts that need to be looked at before a final decision ca n ever be made. In contrastRead MoreThe Legalization of Marijuana Essay2384 Words   |  10 PagesThe Legalization of Marijuana – A Compelling Case for a Misunderstood Plant Abstract The prohibition of marijuana has sparked heated debates for years about its effects on the human body, its medicinal properties, and its effect on society; just to name a few. Although many are against the legalization of marijuana, this paper will argue that the legalization of marijuana is warranted. It will prove this by weighing marijuana’s effects on the body when smoked against the effects on the bodyRead More Legalization of Marijuana for Medical Use Only Essay2360 Words   |  10 Pagesillegal drug in most states in the United States. Marijuana usage may have been common 20-30 years ago, but it really isn’t any longer. Judy Foreman states that a hardy band of activists seeking legislative approval of perennial bill that would bring Massachusetts in line with 34 other states in letting patients with certain conditions smoke marijuana (1). 2 What was known, as the â€Å"wicked weed† of the sixties can be good medicine . Marijuana certainly seems safer than may other drugs, even aspirinRead MoreLegalization of Marijuana for Medical Use Only Essay2489 Words   |  10 Pagesillegal drug in most states in the United States. Marijuana usage may have been common 20-30 years ago, but it really isnt any longer. Judy Foreman states that a hardy band of activists seeking legislative approval of perennial bill that would bring Massachusetts in line with 34 other states in letting patients with certain conditions smoke marijuana (1). 2 What was known, as the wicked weed of the sixties can be good medicine . Marijuana certainly seems safer than may other drugs, even aspirinRead MoreSelling Human Organs10012 Words   |  41 Pagestype of sale, but it is not an unreasonable exception. Narrow allowances for selling would have to ensure that the poor have other, genuine options in order to prevent exploitation. There would have to be safeguards to prevent things like bidding wars and organ markets which would cause problems with the general costs of transplantation. Finally, there would have to be sound measures to ensure that no one is pressured or tempted to allow others to die for the sake of cash. All of this would be

The One Best Method You Should Be Using for Research Paper Writing Services Revealed

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Chilean Mine Free Essays

Over two months trapped underground waiting to be rescued their waiting had finally come to an end on October 13, 2010. Two months ago on August 5th, 2010, in the city of Copiapo, Chile, near the Atacama desert an underground mining had collapsed trapping 33 miners 2300 feet below the surface. Now, given under the circumstances that the mine had a history of previous accidents and deaths, this led everyone to believe that the 33 men underground had died in the rumble. We will write a custom essay sample on Chilean Mine or any similar topic only for you Order Now What will become of them? Having to be open-minded in such a gloom situation, was difficult nowing that the miners were still alive and well. There had to be something done to help them. The first thing that needs to be done is understand the crisis or disaster, only after that can a decision is made as how to handle the situation. In a situation like this it is best to appoint someone who can handle the discussions that arise and control the media. someone who can think outside the box and be sincere In executing the task at hand. Someone who Is not afraid to ask questions and Is well versed with business rule: When you cannot answer the question, get someone who can. (Crisis Management 5th Para. Not only will this be the best for the company but for the families of the miners as well. Some considerations to remember is that the audience may be emotionally distressed and when communicating with them about the topic that we are straight forward. There has to be control in such a chaotic situation. Their expectations want to be addressed. How quickly will this be resolved? When will their loved ones come home They want answers, The needs of the families receiving the messages of this incident would want to know that their families would be coming home safely and that there is a plan to get the know out I OF3 saTely. Also, Is tnere a support system to nelp out tne Tamllles going tnrougn t crisis? Some family members, such as the children of those trapped below may need therapy. The families may want to know as well if there will be any compensation for what had happened. Will the company do what’s right or Just walk away? Another potential need about receiving a message would be that, is the company safe? What measures have taken place to ensure the safety of the employees? Have preventive measures been taken so it won’t happen again? The people would want to know that the company is doing something for their fellow employees trapped below. They would want to see that the company is taking steps to show that they care about what happened to their employees and that something like this would not happen again. Actions that would be taken before delivering the message is make sure that the one person appointed is an expert to read a memo and handle any questions that arise in the public. Also, at times of chaos there has to some level of comfort, tell them what they would want to hear. Letting them know that their loved ones are well, and that all steps are being taken to bring them home safely can bring them some ease. In any crisis or tragedy there are precautions take and how to handle the situation. The main concern is, how is the message being delivered and how the audience will will react to it. The key component is to communicate and show sympathy for the employees and families. Such a message would be delivered in person, face to face especially with the families involved. Another way would be to broad cast it so that city sees your trying to do what is best to bring them home safely. To hide behind letters and not be a around shows no empathy or concerns for the individuals that are involved. Our thoughts and prayers go out to those affected by this tragedy. Memo to Family Members and Employees As you may have heard on August 5th, 2010, there was a tragic accident in the mines of Chile located deep in the Atacama desert. The mine had caved in trapping 33 of our miners 2300 feet underground. They are working diligently to find the men and ensure that they have enough food and water to help them while they wait to be rescued. There are three large teams including the expertise of N. A. S. A working on ensuring their safe return to their loved ones. We know that working in the mining usiness can often be hard and cruel but I assure we are doing everything possible to bring them home. As more information or changes develop, the families will be the first to be notified and if there are any questions or needs please feel free to contact us. Our thoughts and prayers are with you and your loved ones. How to cite Chilean Mine, Papers

Standard Deviation free essay sample

Deviation Definition: Behavior commonly seen in children that is the result of some obstacle to normal development such behavior may be commonly understand as negative (a timid child, a destructive child) or positive (a quite child), both positive and negative deviation will disappear once the child begins to concentrate on a piece of work freely chosen by him. The physical deforms are easier to identify. This can be by birth due to an accident etc†¦ and most such physical deforms can be either cured. However, deforms that take place in development of psychological aspects of a child are not only threat to building the character and the personality of the child also you find certain physical deforms in curable in medicine. Dr. Montessori, according to her she fugues deviated children are. The naughty children act and react very strong as a result of severe treatment they have received. So their behavior is cruel from others. We will write a custom essay sample on Standard Deviation or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The weak children are always mistaken for good children and parent are happy because of their timidly and but they are lazy and afraid of everything. The bright children are very imaginative and live in their own fantasy world. Deviations shown by the strong and weak children are: In the absorbent mind Montessori discussed deviation shown by the strong, meaning those who resist and overcome the obstacles they meet and deviation shown by the weak and surrender to unfavorable conditions. a. The strong children: Defects of the strong are tendencies to violence and aggression. They are also disobedient and destructive, possessive and not greedy by nature. b. The weak children: Defects of the weak are possessive, crying, trying to get others do things for them. They are not independent and bored. They may refuse to participate and have psychosomatic illness. Other deviation fugues- deviation that occurs when the mind cannot express through movement and goes to fantasy because of ego the child defense itself by forcing from difficulty. Barriers of Psychic Deviation: A barrier is an inhabitation which is strong enough to prevent the child from responding to surroundings. It shows itself as disobedience and the child’s intelligence because this deviation keeps away the things that would promote growth. At the age of 6 yrs child is going to an unconscious phenomenon and his will is not control and they become less responsive and the environment. The most common of the barriers produce4 the following deviations: attachment, dependence, possessiveness, inferiority complex, fear, lying, and psychosomatic illness. 1. Attachment: The adult does not allow the child to separate naturally and where the parent/child bond is not strong. 2. Possessiveness: Possessiveness is also a deviation it is a desire to rather than desire for knowledge. 3. Inferiority complex: It is also a deviation it is a result of weakening of ego of a child and he also watches his parents attitude to other people and realize they treat differently to him and the child develop fear and phobias. 4. Fear on lying: As the purpose is of self defense we lie to ourselves and to give experience to this imagination in a wrong way. It is a fantasy. Causes of Deviation: Some deviation while thought to be normal, are not likely to be deliberately fostered. They are likely are messiness, disobedience and quarreling are so many common as to be though normal. The lazy children who actually appear to do little are constructing a thick inner wall of defense to keep out the eternal world. We are all aware of adult’s negative reasons to this behavior. Deviation as fugues is a running away taking refuge, after hiding away one hides ones real energies behind a covering from all the mash. These are the children who are never still but their movement is without purpose. They begin as action leave it unfinished. They are deviated because above all they have lost their object and work in emptiness, vagueness and chaos. Normalization: Dr. Montessori normalization refers to it both as definite happening and a state of being. The normalized children possess a unique character and personality not recognized in young children. Normalization appears through the repetition of a three step cycle. The building of character and the formulation of personality that we call normalization comes about children follow the cycle of work. Preparation for an activity which involve gathering together the material necessary to do the activity. The movement and the thought involved in the preparation serves to call the attention of the mind to begin to focus on the activity. An activity which so engross the child that the reaches a deep level of concentration characterized by a general feeling of satisfaction and well-being. Characteristics: 1. Love for work: include the ability to choose work freely and to find joy in his work. 2. Love of order 3. Profound spontaneous concentrate. 4. Attachment to reality. 5. Love of silence and working alone. 6. Subblimission of possession. 7. Real choice. 8. Obedience. 9. Independence and initiative. 10. Spontaneous self discipline. 11. Joy. Three folds of phenomenon: 1. Polarization of attention 2. Spontaneous repetition 3. Leading to a state of concentration. The Prepared Environment: The prepared environment must be in every way prepared. The environment plays an important role the aesthetics of the rooms is not all that is needed in the prepared environment. The type of material and stimulation used should be carefully selected to stimulate the home and encourage the absorbent mind. Even the environment is prepared we need to give the child time to develop. The case can supplement. The Montessori teacher keeps in mind that this environment may be the child’s best opportunity to correct deviation and achieve normalization. Adults Role: Do not interpret the child in unnecessary help. Provide the material and give the opportunity to work independently. He must have freedom to choose his own work which will do his base on which he is interested. Limit must be provide so that he knows his boundary like and must be protective. He must realize that he cannot disturb other children at work. Concentrated work in the Montessori answer to any deviation. Work means that child has the motivation understanding and capability to complete the task. We must be the backbone to help the child and develop the deep concentration needed to pursue. Observe the disposition of the child when he is still considering a commitment and engagement in the work and the mastery of the work. To encourage these the adult needs to ensure that the environment. Individualization continues to be important we must remember that each person heads are different. So we focus on the needs of the individual. In conclusion the concentration is only the possibility to heal the mind because it will allow the child to work. Self develop only comes within the child becomes self directed and grows in independent. He gains self confidence and dignity (I can do it myself) and therefore normalization child.

Strategies for Teaching Aggressive Children

Strategies for Teaching Aggressive Children There are many reasons behind aggressive behavior in children. As teachers, its important to remember that these kinds of behavior issues can spring from environmental stresses, neurological issues or emotional coping deficits. Rarely is the aggressive child simply a bad kid. Despite the varied reasons behind the aggressive behavior, it can be addressed with success when teachers are consistent, fair, and relentless in establishing a one-on-one connection. What Does the Aggressive Childs Behavior Look Like? This child will often antagonize others and is drawn to physical fighting or verbal arguments. She might be the class bully and have few real friends. He prefers to solve problems by winning fights and arguments. Aggressive children often threaten other students. These students often fear the aggressor, who delights in showing herself as a fighter, both verbally and physically. Where Does Aggressive Behavior Come From? The aggressive child usually has a lack of self-confidence. He gains it through aggressive behavior. In this regard, aggressors are first and foremost  attention seekers,  and they enjoy the attention they gain from being aggressive. The aggressive child sees that power brings attention. When he threatens other children in the class, his weaker self-image and lack of social success falls away, and he becomes a leader of some renown. The aggressive child usually knows that his behavior is inappropriate, but the rewards for him outweigh the disapproval of authority figures. Are Parents to Blame? Children can be aggressive for many reasons, some of them related to conditions that may be hereditary or home environments that are unhealthy. But aggression is not handed down from parent to child. Parents to aggressive children who are aggressive themselves should be honest with themselves and recognize that while they are not responsible for these behaviors in their children, they may be part of the problem and certainly can be part of the solution.   Interventions for Classroom Teachers Be consistent, be patient and remember that change takes time. All children need to know you care about them and that they can contribute to their environment in a positive way. By committing to a one-on-one relationship with the aggressive child, you will deliver this message to her and help to break the cycle. Never ignore inappropriate aggression, but do not get drawn into a power struggle with the aggressor.Be firm, but gentle. The aggressive child can handle your tough side, but he will succumb to gentleness.   Thats what he really wants- the right kind of attention.Deal one-on-one with the aggressor and devise a plan for her to take control of her own behavior.  Be genuine. Successful teachers know that when they establish a one-on-one relationship with the aggressor, success soon follows.  Provide opportunities for this child to act appropriately and get some badly needed attention, give him responsibilities and provide praise.Catch the aggressor behaving well and provide immediate, positive feedback. In time, you will see that the aggressive behaviors will start to diminish.Provide her with activities that bring forth leadership in a positive way, always let her know that you care, trust and respect her. Remind her that its the inappropriate behaviors that you dont like.Provide as many methods as you can for this child to take ownership of his inappropriate behavior. Suggest how such conflicts can be handled the next time.

Instagram Marketing Strategy How to Build One the Best Way (Template)

Instagram Marketing Strategy How to Build One the Best Way (Template) Instagram has the potential to be a powerful part of your brands overall marketing plan. However, you can’t just post, sit back, and wait for success to happen by magic. You need to create an Instagram marketing strategy that establishes your goals (and lays out a game plan to achieve them). That involves everything from finding your target audience, to outlining a clear content strategy for the platform, to actually creating posts and measuring their performance. Read on to learn how to plan it all effectively. You might want to get some coffee now, because we have a lot of ground to cover. Grab Your Free Instagram Marketing Strategy Template Planning an effective strategy doesnt have to take a lot of time. Download this editable deck and complete it as you read. By the time you’re done, you’ll have a full strategy ready to present to your team. Pretty slick, right?Instagram Marketing Strategy: How To Build One The Best Way (Free Template)Did You Know You Can Schedule Instagram Posts In ? It’s true! Using the mobile app (available for iOS  and Android), you can create and schedule Instagram posts alongside all your other social media content. Check out this live demo recap to see how it works: Then, try it yourself free for 14 days. We think you’ll be impressed. How Can Brands Benefit From Instagram? Instagram is an incredibly popular platform with a large user base and high engagement rates. In fact, according to the PEW Research Center  as of 2016, 33% of adults on the internet are on Instagram. And according to TechCrunch, as of April 2017, Instagram has over 700 million active users. In other words, you have a big audience to reach. That audience is active, too. Over half of Instagram’s user base logs into the app daily according to the same PEW research study. Over half of Instagram's user base logs into the app daily.While Instagram is particularly popular with Millennials (about 59% of its overall user base as of 2016), 33% of its userbase is between the ages of 30-44, and 18% between 50-64. So if your target audience is above the age of 50, Instagram may not be your best platform option. However, if your target audience is younger, Instagram could be a goldmine for your brand. Recommended Reading: How to Get Way More Instagram Followers With 20 Easy Tactics Step One: Set Your Goals The first step in creating your Instagram strategy is to set overarching business goals and select metrics to track progress toward them. Start by setting goals for your business. These goals are what help keep the lights on and the company up and running. Examples of business goals could include: Increasing Brand Awareness: How many people know your business exists? Encouraging Customer Loyalty: What keeps people coming back to you (instead of your competition)? Driving More Revenue: Businesses need money, right? Some example business goals that your team could create are: "Increase brand audience by 55% by end of the year." "Increase sales of x product by 35% by the end of Q1." The next step in your goal setting process is selecting metrics to track. Some metrics we could select for the goal above might include: Follower growth. Are people finding you and following your profile? Post engagement rate. From there, are they actually engaging with your posts? Leads generated from profile link clicks. Finally, are they taking the next step and trying your products or services? The key is select Instagram marketing metrics that directly tie back into overall business goals. Your Instagram goals also need to be S.M.A.R.T (Specific, Measurable, Attainable, Relevant, Timely). So let’s break down an example: â€Å"We want to increase our Instagram engagement rate by 25% this quarter.† Here's how this goal fits into the SMART framework: S: It’s specific in the fact that your team knows what needs to be accomplished. M: The 50% is a numerical measurement which can be calculated based . You know immediately if the goal was met or not. A: Depending on your current engagement rate growth, your team will need to assess if 25% is   a realistic goal. For example, if you are already experiencing a 17% growth rate 25% is not necessarily out of range. R: Growing your engagement rate on Instagram makes sense because the more your fans engage with your content, the more likely they are to remember you. T: You have a set deadline (one quarter)  to complete your goal. Recommended Reading: How to Set Social Media Goals to Crush Your Business Objectives Once you have a series of social media goals set you can then look to your Instagram strategy to see how the channel can help you accomplish your goals. For the sake of this post, we’re going to pretend we’re a local bookstore called ’s Corner. Three smart goals that our marketing team created are: Increase the number of younger people following us on Instagram by 50% in 6 months. Increase the brand awareness of our store in the area in 3 months by 25%. Increase engagement by 50% on each photo that we post. How can Instagram help your team accomplish those goals? The first one is simple. Instagram has a high number of young people in its user base. Therefore it would make sense that your team utilizes that channel to reach a younger audience. To prove the strategy is working you can check the in app analytics or Google Analytics and pull demographical data for your Instagram channel. The second goal requires a bit more strategy and analysis. Brand awareness  can come in many forms, and there are many different tools like Google Analytics, Brandwatch  and more that can be used to track that growth. The final goal is quite easy to connect to Instagram due to its nature of being an incredibly visual platform  and highly engaging platform. But how can you calculate the engagement rate of each of your Instagram posts. The formula is: So if your team has 157 comments and likes on one photo, you would divide that number by your total current followers and multiply by 100. (100 likes + 57 comments) / 2569 followers x 100 = 6.11% engagement rate. Recommended Reading: How to Improve Your Instagram Engagement With 15 Tips Step Two: Find Your Audience On Instagram The next part of your Instagram marketing strategy will be to find your audience. Finding your audience is a key part of your strategy because without knowing who your content is targeting you end up throwing it into the massive pile of Instagram posts with no direction to get it out. How do you find your audience? First,  you need to find the demographic data from the audience you are currently attracting. This will help your team determine if Instagram is the right channel for your target audience. If you’re on Instagram, open your app and click the analytics bar graph in the upper right-hand corner: Scroll through the in app analytics until you find followers: Click on See More to see a full breakdown of the age range of your audience: If your Instagram is pulling in the age range of your target audience it would make sense to maximize your resources on the channel. If not, Instagram could be a secondary awareness channel for your team. Once you know whether or not your target audience is utilizing Instagram, you can begin to tailor your content based on what your audience is interacting the most with. It could be content centered around: Problems they are experiencing. People are turning to your company for answers to issues that are surfacing in their daily lives, whether they’re looking for a plumber to fix a clogged drain or a dress to wear for their next event. Center your content around ways that you can help solve those problems. Information they're seeking. Maybe they need to know about the best type of chew toy for a new puppy, so your content could feature different chew toys with captions on what age and breed would enjoy them the most. Company culture and recruiting. People love seeing what’s going on behind the scenes at your office. Not only does it help humanize your brand, it can also help recruit new team members. Recommended Reading: How to Find Your Target Audience And Create the Best Content That Connects Step Three: Optimize Your Profile The way you create your company profile on Instagram plays a significant role in your success on the social media site. There are three main pieces on your profile that need to be 100% completed otherwise, you’re going to miss out connecting with potential customers. Those pieces are: An Instagram Business account. A profile picture. A snappy bio. Make Sure You Have A Business Account You may notice that your standard Instagram account doesn’t have a space for links. That’s because website links and analytics features are only accessible if your Instagram is operating under a business account. Setting your business account up is easy (and free). Log into your company profile and click on settings: Scroll until you find Switch to Business Profile: Toggle that switch to on, and Instagram will walk you through how to create your business profile. Once your account is set you should see business settings in your profile: Optimal-sized profile picture The standard profile picture on Instagram is 110px by 110px. It’s also important to note that Instagram’s profile pictures are round and usually quite small, so the less detail you can include in your profile picture the better. Many companies stick to using their logo like this: Optimize Your Bio The second step in optimizing your Instagram profile involves creating a short and snappy bio that encompasses who you are as a company in 150 characters or less. Some tips to help your team craft that bio are utilizing your tagline  (those are already short), pulling three descriptive adjectives that encompass your company or shortening your mission statement down to a sentence. Check out how Nike got their bio down to three simple words: So how do you create a really awesome snappy bio? Start with the following fill in the blank exercise: _[Company]_ is [adjective], [adjective], and driven to provide [issue your company solves or service your company provides]. Filled out it would look like: Corner  is a local, creative bookstore that is driven to provide a welcoming environment that fosters a love of reading for all ages. (Note: Corner is not an actual bookstore, but that would be cool if it was!) The final character count is 142. Now let’s say that you’re over in count, how can you fix it? Cut out your company name, they can already see it in your username: A local, creative bookstore that is driven to provide a welcoming environment that fosters a love of reading for all ages. Still over? Cut as much fluff out as possible. Words like â€Å"that† can almost always be cut out: A local, creative bookstore, driven to provide a welcoming environment fostering  a love of reading for all ages. Once you’ve edited out the fluff, your bio is ready to go. Recommended Reading: How to Increase Visibility With Social Media Optimization Include A Link To Your Website It’s important to note that Instagram does not allow links in posts, so the only chance your fans will have to see your site is if it’s included in your bio. You can change up the link based on what types of content you’re posting and what you want to drive your fans to: Step Four: Find Your Voice And Tone Instagram is prime space to show off your brand’s voice and tone. Why? Because Instagram is a personal platform which means the more that you can bring your company’s personality into the better. But how do you develop your voice and tone? Voice is the overall sound and personality of your business. It encompasses who you are as a brand and allows your audience to establish a connection with you. How can you develop your voice? List three adjectives and then find its opposite counterpart like this: Intelligent but not cocky. Humorous but not silly. Professional but not stuffy. Check out this list to help you get started: Mailchimp’s voice and tone  brand guidelines are a great example of how to format your voice adjectives. So you covered voice, but what about tone? Tone is the inflection of your voice, which details how you say something. Think of it almost like subtext. Your tone will change depending on the situation. So what does a solid Instagram voice and tone sound like? Starbucks Starbucks is known for its friendly, conversational language. They’re also great at integrating emojis and hashtags into their content as well: When your coffee matches your city. #IcedCaramelMacchiato Regram: @yogafawzi A post shared by Starbucks Coffee (@starbucks) on Aug 4, 2017 at 9:16am PDT Barnes and Noble Barnes and Noble works hard to foster a love of books through positive language and inspiring imagery: Best. Year. Ever. Get ready for the new school year with fun supplies, book bags more must-haves! in bio A post shared by Barnes Noble (@barnesandnoble) on Aug 21, 2017 at 1:39pm PDT Lowe’s Home Improvement Lowe’s Instagram focuses on DIY home improvements which means their voice and tone is usually helpful and insightful: @ourhappycarmonhome gave an old dining buffet new life with a fresh coat of paint. Let's see your creative storage solutions using #lowesproject. A post shared by Lowe's Home Improvement (@loweshomeimprovement) on Aug 23, 2017 at 8:27am PDT

Research Methods used in Educational Psychology Essay

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How the SEC has played an important role in accounting standards - Essay Example Due to this, the task of protecting investors assumes paramount importance for the government (Sec.gov). The primary concept influencing and controlling the securities industry in the United States is that every investor, whether an individual or institution, should be able to ‘recognize’ the investment properly. This involves having free access to the main features and conditions surrounding the investment, not only before investors spend money in it, but also as long as they continue to retain their money in it. In compliance with this vital concept, the SEC makes it mandatory for public organizations to ‘disclose’ significant financial and other information about itself to the general public. Such disclosures form an accumulation of information that can be accessed by any investor while deciding to purchase, sell or retain a security (Sec.gov). The accumulation of information should be regularly updated with precise and timely inputs to facilitate sound investment decisions from the investing public. The SEC makes sure this objective is achieved by interacting with all players in the securities industry such as private organizations, securities exchanges, securities brokers, securities dealers, investment counselors and mutual funds to ensure they disclose meaningful information, conduct dealings in a fair and proper manner and safeguard against fraud. Realizing that its stature and effectiveness should always be on the highest levels, the SEC makes maximum use of its enforcement authority. The SEC feeds on many sources of information {the most significant being individual investors}, to instigate hundreds of legal cases each year against securities law infractions such as insider trading, supplying untrue or deluding information or fraudulent practices carried out by provide individuals or business organizations (Sec.gov) . In addition to its primary role as guardian of the

Pestle Analysis Of The Beer Industry Economics Essay

Pestle Analysis Of The Beer Industry Economics Essay This report examines two organizations operating in the same industry, and their responses to the environment during the period 2007 to 2009. Heineken N.V (Heineken or the company) operates internationally through a global network of distributors and breweries. The company is one of the leading brewers that owns and manages a portfolio of more than 200 varieties of international premiums, regional, local and specialty beers. It owns or joint ventures 125 breweries and distributors in over 70 countries in five geographic segments: Europe, the Americas, Africa, the Middle East and Asia Pacific. It is headquartered in Amsterdam, the Netherlands and employs about 55,301 people. SABMiller is similarly engaged in the production and distribution of beer, malts and carbonated soft drinks. Its brands include international premium beers and the company primarily operates in the Americas, South Africa and Europe. It is headquartered in London, the United Kingdom (UK) and employs about 68,635 people. The companys markets its products in both the developed economies in Europe and North America to emerging markets such as China and India. SABMiller is also one of the largest bottlers of Coca-Cola products in the world. SABMillers operations segmented across beer manufacturing and soft drinks business and also has brewing interests or distribution agreements across six continents. This report critically analyzes Heinekens financial performance compared with one of its many competitors, SABMiller and examines the market conditions and economic statistics during the period 2007 to 2009. 2. ECONOMIC OVERVIEW In the report entitled Emerging or Developed Markets which will lead global economic recovery? by SABMiller Globalization Debates, it was concluded that Western developed economies will be the hardest hit by the current economic slump. The report confirmed that major nations and regions would emerge from this slump by the first or second half of 2010. The Middle East was expected to be the first to recover, followed by China and India. Canada is the highest place of the developed nations, in fourth. The United Kingdom (UK) and Italy were expected to be last to emerge into recovery. Heineken N.V. Heineken N.V. in its first trading update in 2009 made the following statement, The global economic downturn, bad weather and smoking bans caused global beer sales volumes to drop 6.3 percent in the first three months of 2009. However, better selling prices largely compensated for lost volumes, yielding a revenue decline of only one percent. In the first quarter of 2009, revenue increased 24 percent compared with the first quarter of 2008 owing to first-time consolidations and better pricing. This was partly offset by the financial impact of lower volume and unfavourable exchange rate fluctuations. Organically, revenue decreased one percent. Beer sales volumes declined across West European markets, while in Africa and the Middle East volumes grew. Organic volume was adversely impacted by a combination of factors, including the global economic downturn, unfavourable weather, the continued effect of smoking bans, distributor destocking, excise duty increases and selling price increases, Heineken said. Given this scenario, the company focused in 2009 on initiatives to reduce debt and costs, and improve the performance of newly acquired companies. In February 2009, Heineken announced a 74 percent drop in 2008 net profit but said it remained optimistic, as beer consumption was relatively resilient in hard economic times. The exceptional economic circumstances required Heineken to reduce the value of goodwill in Russia, their investment in India and the pub portfolios in the United Kingdom (UK). In Malaysia, consumer confidence reached an all-time low and with that Malaysians became the worlds third greatest savers, with more than half choosing to cope with rising costs by cutting down on their spending. Heineken in recognizing its challenges recommitted to utilizing its global marketing excellence to build its key brands across all markets and to maintaining, or where possible improving, its price positioning. SABMiller SABMiller, its competitor also reported, in a trading update, a dip in global beer volumes for  its fourth quarter of 2009, reflecting the impact of the economic downturn in its markets across Eastern Europe, Latin America and Asia. Compared to a similar basis, beer sales by volume  were flat for the 12 months to the end of March 2009 and fell by 1% in the final quarter of the year. Beer volumes on a non-comparable basis rose by 2% for the year of 2009. Beer sales suffered in the fourth quarter of 2009 due to the effects of the global economic downturn on consumer spending, the UK-listed brewer said. It added, however, that full-year sales revenue rose by high single digits, due to beer price rises, and that trading for the year of 2009 was in-line with the companys expectations. In 2009, Eastern Europe proved particularly difficult for SABMiller. Like-for-like beer volume sales in Russia fell by 7%, due to wholesalers running down their stocks amid weakening consumer confidence, although volumes were flat in the fourth quarter. SABs volumes also fell by 4% in Czech Republic for the year. Volumes rose by 18% in Romania, but slowed significantly in the second half, the brewer said. In other markets, China reported a 4% rise in beer volume sales for the year, despite a weakening economy and the earthquake in 2008 in Sichuan province, one of SABs strongholds in the country. China saw double-digit growth in the fourth quarter. SABMillers ability to contribute its business profitability was largely due to the impact of its business in Latin America and in the United States where it performed reasonably well. 3. THE BEER INDUSTRY 1The saturation of traditionally thriving beer markets such as North America and Europe has driven the consolidation of the industry. Major brewers have sought growth through strategic mergers and acquisitions, which has reorganized the industry and strengthened the market positions of the industrys largest brewers. Expansion into key emerging markets has become a strategic priority for leading firms, who are now competing for market share in several important regions of the world (Hutter, pg. 1). China In 2003 China eclipsed the US as the worlds largest beer market. Although China has low unemployment levels and growing urban centres, it is seen as the worlds next big consumer market. The local beer industry is firmly established and contains approximately 300 brewers (Slocum, et al. p. 35), à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¨primarily supplying the urban coastal areas. Many multinational firms have invested heavily in the Chinese beer market and although there is a threat of overà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ saturation, relatively low perà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¨capita consumption levels indicate that this market has room to grow. India 1India is one of the worlds fastest growing consumer markets. A rapidly growing population, an emerging middle class with rising perà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ capita incomes and blossoming urban centers make India a powerful emerging market. India has an established local beer industry and although perà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ capita consumption is low, as the country becomes more westernized younger generations have the potential to be highà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ volume consumers. However, regionalism, political unrest and the potential for growing pains temper this markets attraction. South Africa South Africa is one of the fastest growing beer markets in the world. This region has an active domestic brewing industry and a population of high perà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ capita beer consumers. Favorable agricultural conditions exist for harvesting beer ingredients and consumer tastes are shifting from sorghumà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ based beer toward Westernà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ style products creating growth opportunities for light beer and specialty brewers. However, SABMiller, one of the largest brewers in the world has roots in South Africa and has a strong market position there. Opportunity still exists in this market for brewers keen on pursuing a market thirsty for western imports. South Africas beer market provides an attractive investment opportunity for a multinational firm looking to capitalize on this regions high perà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ capita consumption and changing, westernized, tastes. Russia Latin America 1The early 2000s saw booming beer consumption rates in Russia, which spurred a flurry of foreign investment, but a subsequent slowdown and strict government regulations have driven this markets costs up. Russias longà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ standing preferences for spirits have waned and beer is now more ingrained in the culture, but brewers must now find opportunity in the higherà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¨margin specialty markets. Latin America is an active beer market with high growth potential, largely driven by growth in key demographics, a favorable farming climate, Brazils developing economy and Mexicos high levels of beer consumption. Supporting Data Figure 1.1 shows that China surpassed the US as the worlds larges beer market in 2003. However, as Figure 1.2 demonstrates, the country has relatively low perà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ capita consumption rates suggesting that Chinas growth has been driven by its massive population. Whether this unique dynamic limits growth or represents significant room for growth will be a key factor in Chinas future strength as a beer market. Figure 1.3 demonstrates recent general population growth trends for the key growth demographic of 15à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ 34 yearà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ olds. Asia and Latin America have shown significant growth while the US and Western Europe haveà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¨ demonstrated flat or negative growth rates. This is further evidence that the key growth opportunities in theà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¨ brewing industry are primarily in emerging markets, rather than traditional established markets. 3.1 PESTLE ANALYSIS ON THE INDUSTRY PESTLE is the Political, Economic, Sociological, Technological, Legal, and Environmental factors that describes the macro-environmental factors used in the environmental scanning component of strategic management. The following factors demonstrates: Political (includes Legal) The beer brewing industry is one that faces a large amount of government regulation. A cause for the large amount of regulation is due to the fact that in some areas brewers can be regulated by the federal government, state governments, and localities. The federal government has seven different areas of regulation relating to the beer industry. The area relating to breweries and beer production is the one that affects the beer brewing industry. The government agency that is responsible for regulating this industry is the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, and Firearms. The bureau has issued regulations regarding brewing of beer that include restrictions on the location, use, construction, and equipment of breweries, as well as laws pertaining to the qualification of breweries and their issuance of bonds and consents of surety. Beer breweries also face brewing process regulations include mandatory approval of the formula and process for domestic flavored beers, such as lambics, and requirements for the measurement of beer. In addition, federal law imposes a special occupational tax (SOT) on all brewers. Breweries also face state regulations that vary according to each individual state in which they are located. The government regulations that breweries face help to prevent barriers to entry for potential firms considering entry into this industry. This is a benefit to the firms currently in the industry as it promotes an environment that is conducive to sustainable profits. Economic The Scope of competitive rivalry is one the best ways to identify the economic characteristics of any industry; with the beer industry the scope entails the global geographic area over which most of the leading brewing leaders compete. Penetration in the foreign market arena is becoming a key success indicator for most of the competitors in the beer industry. The market size of the beer industry is incredible. As you can see, this is a very large industry, which provides many jobs, and the market consists of many competitors, some being very large and some operating on a very small scale. The competitive rivalry is broken up into three segments, National, Regional, and Microbrewers. National competitors have wide market coverage and generally a large company. Regional competitors are smaller than National in the fact that they only distribute in certain regions. Microbrewers are the smallest of the three because their size and capacity limit them to only distribute to small geographic areas. The market growth rate of the beer industry is perplexing. Economies of scale are defined by Porter as the declines in unit costs of a product as the absolute volume per period increase (Porter 7). Therefore the greater quantity of a product that is produced the lower the cost of each will be to the producer. This creates an advantage for a high volume producer like those seen in the brewing industry. Economies of scale in the brewing industry also exist in areas other than in production and these include purchasing, distribution, and advertising. For example, national brewers achieve economies of scale in advertising through bulk media purchases and umbrella brand marketing. Local-craft brewers spend more than twice that spent by large brewers on marketing and advertising per barrel. Social Cultural Issues Throughout history there has consistently been opposition to the sale and use of alcohol. This opposition to the use of alcohol traditionally stemmed from a moral or religious opposition to the consumption of alcohol. Today however, increasingly it isnt a moral or religious reason that prompts this opposition; its the negative medical effects that abuse of alcohol has been shown to have on the human body. Society is also feeling the effects of alcohol abuse; it is because of this that Sin Taxes have been levied on alcohol, as an attempt for government to find a ways and means to profit from the sale and consumption of alcohol. Technological New harvesting and production technologies must be identified to increase process efficiency and ensure continued growth. Environmental The beverage industry is extremely competitive, with private labels greatly influencing the environment. In developing markets, the consumption of beer has fluctuated due to changing beverage preferences and relatively slow population growth among key demographics. Brewers must seek growth in developing countries such as India, China, South Africa and others, where global middle class is rapidly emerging. Therefore, players in the beer industry should look for ways to reinvent themselves in attracting the younger generations by responding to varying tastes and a wide range of products. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¨Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¨Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¨Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¨Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¨Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¨Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¨Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¨Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¨Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¨Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¨Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¨Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¨Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¨Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¨Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¨Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¨Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¨Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¨Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¨Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¨Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¨Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¨Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¨Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¨Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¨Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¨Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¨Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¨Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¨Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¨Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¨Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¨Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¨Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¨Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¨Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¨Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¨Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¨Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¨Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¨Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¨Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¨Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¨Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¨Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¨Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¨Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¨Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¨ 4. FINANCIAL ANALYSIS The years selected for review were 2007, 2008 and 2009. The outlook of these three years provides a perspective on general developments in the international beer industry, their effects on Heineken and SABMillers position, its profit forecast and its capital investment. It examines some key financial ratios, analyzing its profitability and liquidity making a comparison between Heineken and its competitor, SABMiller. The factors, which were used by the company, are contained in the report to shareholders by the Chairman and the Chief executive Officer and it is this report that provides the basis for our review. The analysis of operating ratios is seen in Appendix I and II. 4.1 The Chairman Chief Executive Officer Overview for 2007 2009 4.1.1 Heineken N.V. 2007 According to the review, 2007 was an outstanding year because of the following: The company achieved cost reductions New profit grew by 22.6% Beer volumes increased by 6.5% Premium segment increased by 10% Strategic acquisition Building leadership and; There was focus on selective opportunities For 2007, Heineken continued to benefit from their ability to extract value from their mature markets. In May of 2007, Heineken renewed the sales and marketing agreement in the USA for a further ten years which would significantly impact the growth segment in the US markets and secondly, they regained control of the Amstel brand in South Africa and decided to construct a brewery there. Performance for their Central and Eastern European (CEE), African and Asian markets were considered outstanding given the state of the market and showed signs of growth in profit and volumes. Consolidated volumes grew by 9 percent and earnings before interest and tax (EBIT) (beia) rose by 22 percent. With an 18 percent volume growth and 41 percent EBIT increase, Africa and Middle East region was again consistent in rowing both its consolidated volumes and EBIT (beia) and their Asia Pacific region continued its positive growth in volumes, revenue and profitability. Heinekens strategy continued to focus on ensuring that environmental and social sustainability remained high on their agenda. They strengthened their existing commitment to responsible consumption activities in partnership with their employees, the industry and third parties in order to play an active role in addressing alcohol misuse. They continued to maintain their focus on meeting the environmental and safety targets that they have set for themselves an invested in their people and business resources. 2008 2008 was considered a unique year, there was large-scale industry consolidation, a global slowdown in category growth, significant increase in input cost and cost pressures and above all, an unprecedented economic crisis. Heineken managed to maintain in this environment a strong organic growth in net profit of 11 percent, revenue growth of more than 27 percent and 16 percent increase in group volume. However, goodwill in Russia had to be reduced due to the economic circumstances as well as their investments in India and the pub portfolios in the United Kingdom. Heineken entered 11 new markets and completed the largest acquisition in their history in 2008. They attained leading positions in 59 of their 66 markets, none of which accounts EBIT (beia) for more than 10 percent. The economic downturn impacted significantly on the performance in UK and a combination of other factors such as smoking bans, excise duty increased and adverse exchange rates. In this regard, Heineken reduced costs significantly, restructured parts of their business and improved pricing in order to increased the efficiency and profitability of the UK business. Heineken continued to focus on increasing their value share in all markets by increasing the efficiency and effectiveness of their marketing investments. They also focused on reducing their debt levels and introduced a company wide program aimed at restoring their cash conversion rates to more than 100 percent by 2011. 2009 In 2009, the company focused on a creating a more globally competitive business as a number of beers showed a reduction in sales in 2008 because of the economic slowdown. Transformation occurred and focus moved to growing their brands and value share in critical markets, leveraging their leadership position and developing specific action plans to grow and strengthen their business and the category. Heineken also looked at ways to accelerate their investment in consumer focused innovation. 4.1.2 Results of 2007 2009 ACTIONS In summary, an overview of the period 2007 to 2009, will indicate that Heineken was one in which the company found its market place affected by a number of very challenging events and it responded through various interventions. At the end of the period the company was transformed and able to survive. The operating profit margin declined over the years, 2007 to 2009. Although there was a decline in operating profit, Heineken is still effective in controlling its cost and expenses associated with its business operations. After reviewing its financial statements net profit continues to grow well ahead of their forecast as beer volumes continue to grow. From 2007 to 2009, cash flow from operating activities continue to improve mainly due to: Cash flow from operations before changes in working capital and provisions increased Decrease in working capital; resulting in a positive contribution to cash flow Decrease in cash flow used in operational investing activities as a result of reduced CAPEX. Heinekens net profit has grown over the years with an increase of 11 percent between 2007 and 2008 and a further increase of 18 percent from 2008 to 2009. Despite the economic downturn, Heineken experienced the highest number and value of new acquisitions ever, however, the economic situation impacted the value of certain assets and investments, it affected foreign translation reserve, hedging reserve in equity and also impacted other net financing expenses significantly. Revenues increased over the years showing a 27.3 percent between 2007 and 2008 and a 2.7 percent between 2008 and 2009. However there was a fall in beer volumes in 2009 due to the economic environment and excise duty increases. This is reflected in the decrease in the operating profit margin. The return on equity ratio had a significant decline between 2007 and 2008. This impact came about as a result of the investments made in that year when Heineken entered 11 new markets and completed their largest acquisition in history when they acquired the Scottish and Newcastle businesses in the UK, Portugal, Finland, Belgium, Ireland, India and the USA. In addition, they acquired breweries across Europe and Africa and they began construction of a brewery in South Africa. These investments would also have impacted on the returns received in that year. Heineken continued to outperform the sector with EBIT growth over the years. In 2007, the performance from the Central and Eastern European, African and Asian markets was outstanding and began to deliver on their potential for both profit and volume growth. As in 2007, the Africa and Middle East continued to grow in volume and profits hence increasing EBIT figures while Asia Pacific region continued its solid growth record. In 2009, Heineken continues to benefit from developing markets with a further increase in EBIT. In analyzing the current ratios, the companys shows that it is unable to pay off its obligations when they become due. However it does not necessarily mean that the company will go bankrupt as there maybe ways to access financing but it shows that the company may not be in good financial health. In concluding, Heineken has a high gearing ratio and based on the beer industry this can be considered risky. This is so as shareholders are concerned at the very high level of debt relative to equity and borrowers might doubt the companys potential to service the interest in new borrowings. High gearing ratios simply indicate that a company has placed a greater reliance upon borrowing than equity to finance its operations. The higher the ratio the more highly geared or levered the company is said to be. Although it should provide a higher return to its shareholders when the economy is experiencing boom conditions, during period of increased interest rates, economic recession or simply loss of customers the opposite will apply. A company which has high gearing is particularly vulnerable and might find that it cannot continue to finance its borrowings. 4.1.3 SABMiller Analysis 2007 2007 was a successful year for the group when developing and developed market operations generated 10 percent organic growth in larger volumes and 12 percent growth in earnings before interest and tax and amortization (EBITA). SABMillers total volumes in lager, soft drinks and other beverages increased and their net cash was 22 percent above the prior year reflecting the overall strength of the trading performance and strong cash characteristics. That year, SABMiller shaped and expanded its international portfolio business. Acquisitions and joint ventures in China, Vietnam, Australia and Angola have been further steps in creating an attractive, international spread of businesses with good exposure to fast growing, developing markets. 2007 was a year of good growth with strong performance in the fourth quarter. However there were challenges in increased commodities, cost pressures and the need to rebuild share of premium segment in South Africa. Despite those challenges, progress was expected. 2008 In 2008, economies in general and the brewing sector were faced with challenges such as the economic melt down and the food price inflation. However, SABMiller beverage volumes continue to grow and the net cash generated an increase from 2007. 2008 was a year of strong growth with results continuing the trend of several strong years. 2009 SABMillers growth over the previous two years had been almost double their normal expectations, despite with the growing economic pressures on consumers. In 2009, commodity prices and the cost of brewing materials increased. However, SABMiller delivered yet another year of creditable results as beverage volumes continues to grow. The market capitalization also grew and SABMIller continued to invest in the business, with capital expenditure during the year totaling some US$2,100 million and acquisitions a further US$300 million. Despite this very significant investment, net debt at the year-end was lower than the prior year and the group remains financially strong. SABMiller continued to develop their international portfolios with joint ventures in the United States. 4.1.4 Results of 2007 2009 ACTIONS In summary and overview of the period 2007 2009 for SABMiller also found its external environment changed by circumstances and responded by a number of changes to its business model. At the end of the period, it has grown through market growth. SABMiller reported EBITA profit measures give shareholders additional information on trends and make it easier to compare different segments. Segmental performance is reported after the specific apportionment of attributable head office service costs. There has been a continued growth in EBITA margins as it grew 12% in 2007, 9% in 2008 on an organic, constant currency basis. In 2007, reported EBITA, which includes the impact of currency movements and acquisitions, grew by 22% and in 2008, SABMiller managed to maintain an EBITA of 17.4% and growth in EBITA reflects the benefits of volume and revenue increases as well as productivity. Between 2007 and 2008, net cash inflow from operating activities before working capital movements, Earnings before interest, tax, depreciation and amortization (EBITDA) rose 12% and continues to grow in the following years. The groups cash flow generation was again strong as demonstrated by the ratio of EBITDA to revenue (both metrics excluding results of associates) at 21% (2007: 22%). Total assets continue to increase over the years. Goodwill increased in 2007 and 2008 as a result of foreign exchange on goodwill denominated in currencies other than the US dollar and on the acquisition of the Fosters India business and the various minority interest acquired. However, Goodwill decreased in 2009, primarily as a result of the contribution of goodwill relating to the Miller business into the MillerCoors joint venture and the impact of foreign exchange rate changes on goodwill denominated in currencies other than the US dollar. In addition, goodwill was reduced by impairments in Europe, partially offset by goodwill arising on acquisitions in Europe and Africa and Asia. During the period there was also a marginal increase in equity earnings attributable to minorities less balances acquired as part of minority interest acquisitions. The group has a good record of generating cash, and increases in cash generation reflect growth in profitability before interest and tax payments and investment activities. 5. ANALYSIS Heineken N.V. vs. SABMiller Some Observations A SWOT analysis was conducted to compare the positioning of both companies as it relates to the industry. The following was taken from Data Monitor report (published on August 12th 2010) and these were the findings of the analysis: Heineken N.V. Strengths Strong and diverse brand portfolio. Large scale of brewery and distribution network for efficient global supply chain management Brand innovation to adjust with the changes in consumer tastes and preferences Strategic planning and cost containment measure to improve cash flow and profit margins Opportunities Rising disposal income and cultural shift towards alcoholic beverages in Asia Association with sports events enhances the companys visibility and popularity Partnerships and strategic acquisitions Weaknesses Higher debt poses liquidity problems Weak presence in the top beer consuming countries Threats Declining beer market in Europe Stringent advertising regulations for alcoholic drinks SABMiller Strengths Globally spread operations Wide portfolio of international and local brands Opportunities Partnering with big retailers Booming beer industry in China Strategic alliance Weaknesses Sluggish financial performance Weak employee productivity Weak liquidity position Threats Rising raw material prices Sluggish growth in the US and Europe Increasing labour costs The global economic environment will continue to lead to lower beer consumption and down-trading in a number of regions in the foreseeable future. Heineken N.V. However Heineken plans to continue utilizing its global marketing excellence to build its key brands across all markets and to maintaining, or where possible improving, its price positioning. Price increases will be at levels well below of those of 2009. Heineken aims to continue passing on excise duty increases through its higher sales prices. Heineken has significant market leadership in Europe and there are plans to capitalize on this opportunity despite the intense competition. However, that task would not be easy given the economic, market, consumer and regulatory dynamics across many markets. The company will leverage their leadership positions and develop specific action plans to grown and strengthen the business and the category. Heineken will accelerate their investment in consumer-focused innovation especially on the Heineken brand. SABMiller SABMiller has a record of improving its productivity over time, notwithstanding increases in capital investment and in sales and marketing expenses. In summary, the group delivered resilient underlying results over the period 2007 to 2009 despite the strong h

Celia Behind Me Essay

Bulling has become a bigger and bigger problem and there is not much to do about it, especially when you know you are the next in line for being bullied. What would you do for not ending there? This short story, Celia Behind Me, deals with the problems of the youth. What it’s like trying to be accepted by your friends and classmates. How there is one to be teased. And how innocent-looking children sometimes act desperately towards a person standing in their way of being accepted into the best clique of the school. Also discussed in this story, is the parent’s role in the upbringing of child. How should parents react, when being told that their child has done something completely wrong? The short story is written in the 1st person seen from Elizabeth’s point of view with access to her thoughts and feelings. Elizabeth is the only one that we have access to. The story is written in the past tense as if Elizabeth has grown up and is telling a story from her childhood. The story is written in a chronological line with no flashbacks. We are starting with a small presentation of Celia and how Elizabeth and the other girls feel about her. We are getting strong feelings of dislike of her and that she is an annoying girl who always running behind the others. The themes in the short story are being the next in line and group pressure. In the text, it is Elizabeth that is the next in line to be bullied, and if she doesn’t harass Celia then she will be the victim. Elizabeth is afraid of being left behind What if they always ran ahead and left us to walk together? and she knows that she is the next obvious victim of the others harassment. Elizabeth is also a bit chubby and wears classes, so if Celia ever stops being the victim – they would go after her. So Elizabeth does everything to keep up with the others. Elizabeth is the one who teases Celia the most just to show the others that she doesn’t like her at all. Elizabeth behaves the way she does because she always has to remind the others that she is a part of their group. She is pressured by the group to do what they want her to do, or she will be the one who will be harassed. Some symbols are used in the title. In the story we are told that Celia is running behind the girls on the way home, always a step behind and not accepted. And when Elizabeth is telling the others to stop throwing snowballs at Celia she is misunderstanding for kindness and is trailing after her even more. But the title could also imply that Celia is behind Elizabeth as if she is â€Å"having her back†. Celia is the only reason that Elizabeth isn’t the one who is being harassed and if Celia was a â€Å"normal† girl Elizabeth would be the victim. This story is about many aspects of puberty, problems at school, problems with parents, problems with acceptance. It’s so important for a young kid to be accepted by the people surrounding you. When you see a child constantly being teased, it’s hard not to feel compassion with him/her. Some feel that they have to try to protect this person from being teased. It’s quite obvious in this story, where Elizabeth has an ambiguous mind. In one way she feels obliged to protect Celia, but she also feels this hatred towards her, because she’s always just behind her. She can’t get rid of her. Elizabeth feels split between her own thoughts and the thoughts her parents try to put into her head. In the end of the story Elizabeth is so mad and frustrated by Celia and about how the others are running ahead when she is brushing the snow off her schoolbag. And again Elizabeth is left back with Celia who starts crying and is getting scared. All the other girls are standing on the bridge calling her â€Å"Sucky† and shouting that she has to take care of Celia. Elizabeth gets so angry that she starts yelling all kinds of bad things at Celia and she even starts shaking Celia and banging her head against the cold metal in the tunnel. Elizabeth’s parents are clearly in favour of physical punishment and they both spank Elizabeth to punish her, but also to get out with their aggression about the terrible event that their daughter has made. The mother also says â€Å"I’ll never be able to lift my head on this street again!† (P.5, l.159) It is clear that the mother thinks a lot about what all the others on the street will now think and it is clear that she is very shocked. And it seems like they are more upset about what happened than they will find out why it happened. At the of the story end Celia dies. Elizabeth has never forgiven Celia for making her a victim of the classmates’ victimization. Elizabeth was seen together with Celia and because of that the classmates start bullying her again.

Short Story Ye Mas a Fatty - 1525 Words

And all because of The Wall. It was a fourteen foot tall structure of stone, cement, and copper. It was twelve feet thick, with iron bars for a gate. It had a 5 foot tunnel of hollow space with little indents for the barrels of guns, with a small amount of glass in a 1 foot tall row all around for looking outside. It had parapets on top. It was perfect for keeping out both the beast and bandits, people who didnt want to live in the city, who found it to risky, but needed it for supplies. All people that entered the city were searched for weapons. It was the only way to keep the people inside safe. It was manned twenty-four seven, always being monitored. Thats what I did. I was the general of the city, a position given to me for being the only one to ever even mark the beast. I had seen it once since that first encounter. It looked at me, and pointed at the indent in its head where the bullet hit. It had given me a look. A look that I knew meant that this was the last time it would sp are me. Its respect for or fear of me had run out. I knew from that moment that the next time I saw it, one of us would end up dead. The odds were against me, so I began to fear myself. I had heard of this city, whose name was lost, though it didnt matter. The people had simply begun to call it Haven. I moved here, and through hard work, I became a soldier. I trained most of my time, having not much else to do. I had no family, no wife or kids. The only thing I had to care for was a dog

A Right of Expression and Freedom of Association - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 3 Words: 828 Downloads: 10 Date added: 2019/05/29 Category Society Essay Level High school Tags: Censorship Essay Did you like this example? Without music, content life would be a mistake. These are the exact words of Friedrich Nietzsche that inspires me, ladies and gentlemen. What is the use of a society without music? Music is vital in our social existence since it is a tool of expression and interaction in society. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "A Right of Expression and Freedom of Association" essay for you Create order Censoring music is a spell of doom and an insult to a quest for the realization of perfect social order. Music is life, and no one can dispute that. I come from a lineage of musicians, and I comprehend the challenges they experience to produce an appreciated music. These peoplers aim is to change the society by expressing their thoughts. What if there is a prohibition of this kind of inspiration? Do you people think they will survive or turn to deviant ways in the society? Everyone has a right of expression and freedom of association. Musicians use entertainment to air their views about the societal and political conflicts. Listening to such kinds of music and watching video is informative and reveals the rot in the society. Censoring of music acts as an information blackout to the entire world population since the hidden issues will go unearthed and society will be plunged into a dungeon of hesitation and abyss. Ladies and gentlemen, editing some content of music audio and clips lead to the distortion of the meaning a song. A musician would not be in a position to relay his or her message fully due to deletion of the important parts. In a situation where the deleted content formed the real content that would lead to the appreciation of the music, a musician would lose market and live in a world of hopelessness. Think about his or her family. The kind of losses they will incur from the music ban will lead to family instability and frustrations in life. Some of the family members might opt for crime to solve their financial hoodoos as opposed to focusing on moral obligations. What then is the importance of censorship of music if it only leads to emotional instability and poverty in the society? Governments of various nations claim that some music content leads to immorality. Their claim is an act of hypocrisy. Government officials are the most corrupt individual that promote immorality in the nation. Their perception of the music industry is ill-advised and a bid to control the entire society since they view music as a threat to the existence of their autonomy. Since music as a label leads to prominence, harassing of the musicians through proposing policies that can deter the success of musicians is unfair. It is discriminating for the authority to censor music since they cannot censor their immoral ways in the society. Global economies depend entirely on music as an entity that leads to the promotion of social order. Music censorship will translate to poverty and imbalanced economy in the world. I do not think we need that. Everyone intends to live in a balanced economy where opportunities are common for perfect growth. Music censorship denies the largest people an opportunity to ply their trade and promote economy fully. An imbalanced economy is a breeding ground for crime, violence, and conflict that no one intends to experience. We should rise up as a people that value their society and welfare of everybody irrespective of the profession. Ladies and gentlemen, our health is our life. Music acts a therapy towards the realization of a healthy nation devoid of psychological disorders. Sedentary life leads to frustrations that arise due to obesity. Through music in the yoga classes, people practice and understand the need for physical fitness: the background music acts and therapy to such kinds of an individual with a mental disability. Editing some content of the music might deny them the right for recovery and promotion of a healthy nation. There are enough problems that musicians are facing in the society that censorship of their music will be an insult to their professional competence. The issues of copyright, hacking and piracy are some of the issues that musicians have toiled to tolerate in a society full of people who do not value other peoplers means of survival. Can we still go ahead and add salt to an injury? It is disheartening to see a musicianrs work washed down the drains due to censorship. If music could ha ve been immoral doctors would not have proposed the usage of music as a tool for therapeutic sessions. Music is a tool that promotes unity and salvages dire situations that need a public response. Editing some of the content will lead to infringements of rights of a people in accessing valid information and the denial of access to an in-depth world that is full rot and immorality. Should we stand firm and discourage the governmentrs role in the editing of musical content and the ban of certain music from the public consumption? Are we ready for the change ladies and gentlemen?